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UNITED  STATES  PATENT  OFFICE 


PROTECTION  EXTEND 


PATENTS,  DESIGNS,  TRADE-MARKS  AND 

COPYRIGHTS  IN  CHINA,  JAPA> 

AND  KOREA 


ALBERT  W.  PONTIUS 
HON.  HUXTINGTON  WILSON 


PUBLISHED   WITH   TH>  KTARY 

OF   THE   INTERIOR   AND    UNDER   THE 
DIRL 

EDWARD  B.  MOORE 

Gommissicmer  of  Patents 


CVASHi  OVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE  ;  1909 


UNITED  STATES  PATENT  OFFICE 


PROTECTION  EXTENDED  TO 

PATENTS,  DESIGNS,  TRADE-MARKS  AND 

COPYRIGHTS  IN  CHINA,  JAPAN 

AND  KOREA 


PREPARED   BY 

ALBERT  W.  PONTIUS 

UNDER  THE  DIRECTION  OF 

Hox.  HUXTINGTON  WILSON 

Third  Assistant  Secretary  of  State 


PUBLISHED   WITH   THE   APPROVAL   OF   THE   SECRETARY 

OF  THE    INTERIOR   AND    UNDER  THE 

DIRECTION    OF 

EDWARD  B.  MOORE 

Commissioner  of  Patents 


WASHINGTON  :  GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE  :  1909 


•«  i, 


CONTENTS. 


China —       ,  Page. 

Commercial  treaty  of  1903 

Infringement  by  Chinese  subjects 

Infringement  by  subjects  of  other  countries 4 

Japan — 

Convention  of  1897 5 

Convention  of  1905 5 

Conventions  of  May  19, 1908,  for  the  protection  of  trade-marks,  etc.,  in  China 

and  Korea 5 

Protection  of  trade-marks  in  China 5 

Protection  of  trade-marks  in  Korea 6 

Japanese  imperial  ordinances  affecting  Korea 

Patents 

Imperial  ordinance  No.  196 

Supplementary  articles 7 

Designs 

Imperial  ordinance  No.  197 

Supplementary  articles 

Trade-marks. , 

Imperial  ordinance  No.  198 

Supplementary  articles 

Trade  names 

Imperial  ordinance  No.  199 

Supplementary  articles 

Copyrights 

Imperial  ordinance  No.  200 

Supplementary  articles 10 

General  provisions  regarding  patents,  designs,  trade-marks,  and  copy- 
rights  

Imperial  ordinance  No.  201 

Supplementary  articles 

Force  of  convention  signed  with  Japan 

Suggestions  regarding  registration 

Protection  of  ' '  Hong  "  or  commercial  names  without  compulsory  registration         11 

General  notes  on  Japanese  regulations 

Expiration  of  trade-marks 

Trade-mark  rights  in  Korea 

Protection  against  registration  of  a  similar  mark i  1! 

Appendix.     Patent  lawyers  in  Tokyo 14 

o 


PROTECTION  EXTENDED  TO  PATENTS,  DESIGNS,  TRADE-MARKS, 
AND  COPYRIGHTS  IN  CHINA,  JAPAN,  AND  KOREA." 


Prepared  by  ALFRED  W.  PONTIUS. 


CHINA. 

COMMERCIAL  TREATY  OF  1903. 

The  following  articles  are  quoted  from  the  commercial  treaty  of 
1903,  concluded  between  the  Lnited  States  and  China: 

ARTICLE  IX.  Whereas  the  United  States  undertakes  to  protect  the  citizens  of  any 
country  in  the  exclusive  use  within  the  United  States  of  any  lawful  trade-marks,  pro- 
vided that  such  country  agrees  by  treaty  or  convention  to  give  like  protection  to 
citizens  of  the  United  States: 

Therefore  the  Government  of  China  in  order  to  secure  such -protection  in  the  United 
States  for  its  subjects  now  agrees  to  fully  protect  any  citizen,  firm,  or  corporation  of 
the  United  States  in  the  exclusive  use  in  the  Empire  of  China  of  any  lawful  trade- 
mark to  the  exclusive  use  of  which  in  the  United  States  they  are  entitled,  or  which 
they  have  adopted  and  used,  or  intend  to  adopt  and  use  as  soon  as  registered,  for 
exclusive  use  within  the  Empire  of  China.  To  this  end  the  Chinese  Government 
agrees  to  issue  by  its  proper  authorities  proclamations,  having  the  force  of  law,  for- 
bidding all  subjects  of  China  from  infringing  on,  imitating,  colorably  imitating,  or 
knowingly  passing  off  an  imitation  of  trade-marks  belonging  to  citizens  of  the  United 
States  which  shall  have  been  registered  by  the  proper  authorities  of  the  United 
States  at  such  offices  as  the  Chinese  Government  will  establish  for  such  purpose,  on 
payment  of  a  reasonable  fee,  after  due  investigation  by  the  Chinese  authorities,  and 
in  compliance  with  reasonable  regulations. 

ARTICLE  X.  The  United  States  Government  allows  subjects  of  China  to  patent 
their  inventions  in  the  United  States  and  protects  them  in  the  use  and  ownership 
of  such  patents.  The  Government  of  China  now  agrees  that  it  will  establish  a  patent 
office.  After  this  office  has  been  established  and  special  laws  with  regard  to  inven- 
tions have  been  adopted  it  will  thereupon,  after  the  payment  of  the  prescribed  fees, 
issue  certificates  of  protection,  valid  for  a  fixed  term  of  years,  to  citizens  of  the  United 
States  on  all  their  patents  issued  by  the  United  States  in  respect  of  articles  the  sale 
of  which  is  lawful  in  China  which  do  not  infringe  on  previous  inventions  of  Chinese 
subjects  in  the  same  manner  as  patents  are  to  be  issued  to  subjects  of  China. 

ARTICLE  XI.  Whereas  the  Government  of  the  United  States  undertakes  to  give 
the  benefits  of  its  copyright  laws  to  the  citizens  of  any  foreign  State  which  gives  to 
the  citizens  of  the  United  States  the  benefits  of  copyright  on  an  equal  basis  with  its 
own  citizens: 

Therefore  the  Government  of  China,  in  order  to  secure  such  benefits  in  the  United 
States  for  its  subjects,  now  agrees  to  give  full  protection,  in  the  same  way  and  manner 
and  subject  the  same  conditions  upon  which  it  agrees  to  protect  trade-marks,  to  all 
citizens  of  the  United  States  who  are  authors,  designers,  or  proprietors  of  any  book, 
map,  print,  or  engraving  especially  prepared  for  the  use  and  education  of  the  Chinese 
people,  or  translation  into  Chinese  of  any  book,  in  the  exclusive  right  to  print  and 
sell  such  book,  map,  print,  engraving,  or  translation  in  the  Empire  of  China  during 

o  This  pamphlet  is  intended  to  be  suggestive  only.  Those  interested  must  consult  the  conventions, 
laws,  and  regulations,  and  take  legal  advice,  if  necessary.  No  official  responsibility  is  assumed  by  the 
department  in  endeavoring  herein  to  embody  in  convenient  form  documents,  et  cetera,  giving  information 
and  reports  on  this  subject) 

3 


754 1 45 


4     PROTECTION  TO  PATENTS  IN  CHINA,  JAPAN,  AND  KOREA. 

^en  years  from  the  d#te.  of  registration.  With  the  exception  of  the  books,  maps,  etc., 
•^pteclfied  abeVJe^  js^bficb.  may  not  be  reprinted  in  the  same  form,  no  work  shall  be 

erffcftled  to*' copyright, "privileges  under  this  article.  It  is  understood  that  Chinese 
,  subje.cts^haJl  pe  at  \iberty  to  make,  print,  and  sell  original  translations  into  Chinese 
'.  QfarJytwoVk^trritrteji'.or  oj  maps  compiled  by  a  citizen  of  the  United  States.  This 
"  artlcie'shtill  flottte  held'to"  protect  against  due  process  of  law  any  citizen  of  the  United 

States  or  Chinese  subject  who  may  be  author,  proprietor,  or  seller  of  any  publication 

calculated  to  injure  the  well-being  of  China. 

INFRINGEMENT  BY  CHINESE  SUBJECTS. 

As  regards  the  protection  of  American  patents,  designs,  trade- 
marks, and  copyrights  against  infringement  in  China  by  Chinese  sub- 
jects, no  formal  regulations  for  their  registration  and  protection  have 
as  vet  been  adopted.  It  has,  however,  been  found  that  protection 
against  Chinese  infringement  in  any  given  part  of  the  Empire  can 
meanwhile  be  secured  through  representations  to  the  respective  local 
authorities  made  through  the  American  consular  offices,  a  fact  which 
evidences  the  Chinese  Government's  present  excellent  disposition  in 
this  matter.  The  protection  thus  afforded  is  by  means  of  proclama- 
tions and  administrative  measures. 

INFRINGEMENT  BY  SUBJECTS  OF  OTHER  COUNTRIES. 

Since  1904  the  different  governments,  acting  through  the  diplo- 
matic corps  at  Peking,  have  been  endeavoring  to  formulate  regula- 
tions for  the  protection  of  trade-marks  in  China  which  would  be  alike 
satisfactory  to  foreign  interests  and  to  the  Chinese  Government.  In 
the  latter  part  of  1904  such  tentative  regulations  were  agreed  upon 
and  given  an  experimental  trial.  Certain  features  of  these  regula- 
tions were  soon  round  to  be  unsatisfactory  and  their  operation  was 
subsequently  suspended.  The  bad  feature  discovered  in  the  draft 
at  that  time  put  forward  was  that  the  mere  fact  of  registration  was 
allowed  to  outweigh  the  fact  of  actual  right  in  the  property  registered, 
and  that  the  operation  of  the  regulations  gave  a  great  natural  advan- 
tage to  persons  who  were  at  hand  to  avail  of  the  opportunity  to  reg- 
ister over  other  persons  who  were  far  distant  and  might  find  that  they 
had  technically  lost  their  rights  before  they  were  even  aware,  per- 
haps, that  they  were  expected  to  register  them. 

The  diplomatic  draft  regulations  were  ultimately  amended  with  a 
view  to  the  remedy  of  these  defects  and  are  still  under  consideration 
at  Peking.  Meanwhile  the  Chinese  Government  itself  got  out  a  set 
of  regulations.  These  were,  however,  found  unsatisfactory  to  for- 
eign interests. 

On  account  of  the  above-mentioned  disposition  of  the  Chinese  Gov- 
ernment to  restrain  piracies  by  Chinese  subjects  the  mutual  protec- 
tion of  foreigners  against  one  another  has  seemed  the  most  urgent 
need.  This,  it  will  be  recalled,  has  been  pretty  amply  secured  by 
exchange  of  notes  between  the  United  States  and  other  powers,  and 
in  the  case  of  Japanese  and  Koreans  in  China  (as  well  as  in  Korea) 
the  conventions  of  May  19,  1908,  between  the  United  States  and 
Japan. 

Arrangements  by  the  United  States  with  Great  Britain,  Germany, 
Italy,  France,  Belgium,  the  Netherlands,  Russia,  and  Denmark  for 
the  reciprocal  protection  of  trade-marks  in  China  have  been  effected 


PROTECTION  TO  PATENTS  IN  CHINA,  JAPAN,  AND  KOREA.     5 

by  an  exchange  of  notes  between  the  American  Government  and  the 
foreign  governments  above  mentioned.  The  remedy  for  infringe- 
ment by  a  citizen  or  subject  of  any  of  these  governments  is  to  be 
sought  through  its  consular  courts  in  China. 

The  convention  with  Japan  for  the  protection  of  American  trade- 
marks against  infringement  in  China  by  Japanese  subjects  is  given 
below. 

JAPAN. 

CONVENTION  OF  1897. 

A  convention  was  concluded  in  1897  between  the  Governments  of 
the  United  States  and  Japan  securing  immediate  protection  for  pat- 
ents, trade-marks,  and  designs.  This  convention  stipulates  that 
"  Article  XVI  of  the  treaty  of  commerce  and  navigation  concluded 
in  1894  between  the  two  countries  shall  have  full  force  and  effect  from 
the  date  of  the  exchange  of  ratification  of  this  convention."  This 
article  states  that  "The  citizens  or  subjects  of  each  of  the  high  con- 
tracting parties  shall  enjoy  in  the  territories  of  the  other  the  same  pro- 
tection as  native  citizens  or  subjects  in  regard  to  patents,  trade-marks, 
and  designs  upon  fulfillment  of  the  formalities  prescribed  by  law." 

CONVENTION  OF  1905. 

The  convention  concluded  in  this  year  provided  for  the  reciprocal 
protection  of  copyrights  in  the  United  States  and  Japan.  The  follow- 
ing two  articles  give  the  substance  of  the  convention: 

ARTICLE  I.  The  subjects  or  citizens  of  each  of  the  two  high  contracting  parties  shall 
enjoy  in  the  dominions  of  the  other  the  protection  of  copyright  for  their  works  of  liter- 
ature and  art  as  well  as  photographs,  against  illegal  reproduction,  on  the  same  basis  on 
which  protection  is  granted  to  the  subjects  or  citizens  of  the  other,  subject,  however, 
to  the  provisions  of  Article  II  of  the  present  convention. 

ARTICLE  II.  The  subjects  or  citizens  of  each  of  the  two  high  contracting  parties  may 
without  authorization  translate  books,  pamphlets  or  any  other  writings,  dramatic  worts 
and  musical  compositions,  published  in  the  dominions  of  the  other  by  the  subjects  or 
citizens  of  the  latter,  and  print  and  publish  such  translations. 

CONVENTIONS  OF  MAY  19,  1908,  FOR  THE  PROTECTION  OF  TRADE- 
MARKS IN  CHINA  AND  KOREA. 

The  conventions  concluded  in  this  year  with  Japan  provide  for  the 
extension  to  Japanese  subjects,  Korean  subjects,  and  American 
citizens  of  reciprocal  protection'f  or  their  inventions,  copyrights,  trade- 
marks, et  cetera,  in  China  and  Korea.  These  conventions  went  into 
effect  on  August  16, 1908,  and  the  articles  thereof  are  printed  below. 

CONVENTION   FOR   THE    PROTECTION    OF    TRADE-MARKS,  ETC.,    IN 

CHINA. 

ARTICLE  I.  Inventions,  designs  and  trade-marks  duly  patented  or  registered  by 
citizens  or  subjects  of  one  high  contracting  party  in  the  appropriate  office  of  the  other 
contracting  party  shall  have  in  all  parts  of  China  the  sanie  protection  against  infringe- 
ment by  citizens  or  subjects  of  such  other  contracting  party  as  in  the  dominions  and 
possessions  of  such  other  contracting  party. 

ARTICLE  II.  The  citizens  or  subjects  of  each  of  the  two  high  contracting  parties  shall 
enjoy  in  China  the  protection  of  copyright  for  their  works  of  literature  and  art  as  well 


6     PROTECTION  TO  PATENTS  IN  CHINA,  JAPAN,  AND  KOREA. 

as  photographs  to  the  same  extent  as  they  are  protected  in  the  dominions  and  posses- 
sions of  the  other  party. 

ARTICLE  III.  In  case  of  infringement  in  China  by  a  citizen  or  subject  of  one  of  the 
two  high  contracting  parties  of  any  invention,  design,  trade-mark  or  copyright  entitled 
to  protection  in  virtue  of  this  convention  the  aggrieved  party  shall  have  in  the  compe- 
tent territorial  or  consular  courts  of  such  contracting  party  the  same  rights  and  remedies 
as  citizens  or  subjects  of  such  contracting  party. 

ARTICLE  IV.  Each  high  contracting  party  engages  to  extend  to  the  citizens  or  sub- 
jects of  the  other  contracting  party  the  same  treatment  in  China  in  the  matter  of  pro- 
tection of  their  commercial  names  as  they  enjoy  in  the  dominions  and  possessions  of 
such  contracting  party  under  the  convention  for  the  protection  of  industrial  property 
signed  at  Paris  March  20,  1883.  "Hong"  marks  shall  be  considered  to  be  commercial 
names  for  the  purpose  of  this  convention. 

ARTICLE  V.  Citizens  of  possessions  belonging  to  the  United  States  and  subjects  of 
Korea  shall  have  in  China  the  same  treatment  under  the  present  convention  as  citizens 
of  the  United  States  and  subjects  of  Japan  respectively. 

ARTICLE  VI.  It  is  mutually  agreed  between  the  high  contracting  parties  that  the 
present  convention  shall  be  enforced  so  far  as  applicable  in  any  other  country  in  which 
either  contracting  party  may  exercise  extraterritorial  jurisdiction. 

All  rights  growing  out  of  the  present  convention  shall  be  recognized  in  the  insular 
and  other  possessions  and  leased  territories  of  the  high  contracting  parties  and  all  legal 
remedies  provided  for  the  protection  of  such  rights  shall  be  duly  enforced  by  the  com- 
petent courts. 

ARTICLE  VII.  Any  person  amenable  to  the  provisions  of  this  convention  who  pos- 
sesses at  the  time  the  present  convention  comes  into  force  merchandise  bearing  an 
imitation  of  a  trade-mark  owned  by  another  person  and  entitled  to  protection  under 
said  convention  shall  remove  or  cancel  such  false  trade-mark  or  withdraw  such  mer- 
chandise from  market  in  China  within  six  months  from  the  date  of  the  enforcement  of 
this  convention. 

ARTICLE  VIII.  Unauthorized  reproductions  by  the  citizens  or  subjects  of  one  high 
contracting  party  prior  to  the  operation  of  this  convention  of  the  works  of  literature 
and  art  as  well  as  photographs  of  the  citizens  or  subjects  of  the  other  contracting  party 
published  after  the  10th  day  of  May,  1906,  and  entitled  to  protection  in  virtue  of  this  con- 
vention shall  be  withdrawn  from  sale  or  circulation  in  China  within  one  year  from 
the  date  of  the  enforcement  of  this  convention. 

CONVENTION   FOR   THE    PROTECTION   OF   TRADE-MARKS,    ETC.,    IN 

KOREA. 

ARTICLE  I.  The  Japanese  Government  shall  cause  to  be  enforced  in  Korea  simul- 
taneously with  the  operation  of  this  convention,  laws  and  regulations  relative  to  inven- 
tions, designs,  trade-marks,  and  copyrights  similar  to  those  which  now  exist  in  Japan. 

These  laws  and  regulations  are  to  be  applicable  to  American  citizens  in  Korea 
equally  as  to  Japanese  and  Korean  subjects.  In  case  the  existing  laws  and  regulations 
of  Japan  referred  to  in  the  preceding  paragraph  shall  hereafter  be  modified,  those  laws 
and  regulations  enforced  in  Korea  shall  also  be  modified  according  to  the  principle  of 
such  new  legislation. 

ARTICLE  II.  The  Government  of  the  United  States  of  America  engages  that  in  case 
of  the  infringement  by  American  citizens  of  inventions,  designs,  trade-marks  or  copy- 
rights entitled  to  protection  in  Korea,  such  citizens  shall  in  these  respects  be  under 
the  exclusive  jurisdiction  of  the  Japanese  courts  in  Korea,  the  extraterritorial  juris- 
diction of  the  United  States  being  waived  in  these  particulars. 

ARTICLE  III.  Citizens  of  possessions  belonging  to  the  United  States  shall  have  in 
respect  to  the  application  of  the  present  convention  the  same  treatment  as  citizens  of 
the  United  States. 

ARTICLE  IV.  Korean  subjects  shall  enjoy  in  the  United  States  the  same  protection 
as  native  citizens  in  regard  to  inventions,  designs,  trade-marks  and  copyrights  upon 
the  fulfillment  of  the  formalities  prescribed  by  the  laws  and  regulations  of  the  United 
States. 

ARTICLE  V.  Inventions,  designs,  trade-marks,  and  copyrights  duly  patented  or 
registered  in  Japan  by  citizens  of  the  United  States  prior  to  the  enforcement  of  the 
laws  and  regulations  mentioned  in  Article  I  hereof  shall  without  further  procedure 
be  entitled  under  the  present  convention  to  the  same  protection  in  Korea  as  is  or  may 
hereafter  be  there  accorded  to  the  same  industrial  and  literary  properties  similarly 
patented  or  registered  by  Japanese  or  Korean  subjects. 


PROTECTION  TO  PATENTS  IN  CHINA,  JAPAN,  AND  KOREA.     7 

Inventions,  designs,  trade-marks,  and  copyrights  duly  patented  or  registered  in  the 
United  States  by  citizens  or  subjects  of  either  high  contracting  party  or  by  Korean 
subjects  prior  to  the  operation  of  the  present  convention  shall  similarly  be  entitled 
to  patent  or  registration  in  Korea  without  the  payment  of  any  fees,  provided  that  said 
inventions,  (It-signs,  trade-marks  and  copyrights  are  of  such  a  character  as  to  permit 
of  their  patent  or  registration  under  the  laws  and  regulations  above-mentioned,  and 
provided  further  that  such  patent  or  registration  is  effected  within  a  period  of  one 
year  after  this  convention  comes  into  force.0 

ARTICLE  VI.  The  Japanese  Government  engages  to  extend  to  American  citizens 
the  same  treatment  in  Korea  in  the  matter  of  protection  of  their  commercial  names 
as  they  enjoy  in  the  dominions  and  possessions  of  Japan  under  the  convention  for  the 
protection  of  industrial  property  signed  at  Paris  March  20,  1883. 

"Hong"  marks  shall  be  considered  to  be  commercial  names  for  the  purpose  of  this 
convention. 

JAPANESE  IMPERIAL  ORDINANCES  AFFECTING  KOREAN  PATENTS. 
IMPERIAL  ORDINANCE  NO.  196. 

ARTICLE  1.  In  regard  to  patents  in  Korea  the  patent  law&  shall  be  followed;  but 
in  the  said  law  the  term  "Empire"  shall  correspond  c  to  "Korea,''  "Patent  bureau"- 
to  "Patent  bureau  of  the  residency-general,"  "Courts  of  law"  to  "Residencies  and 
the  residency-general  court,"  "Local  court"  to  "residencies,"  and  "Supreme  court" 
to  "Residency-general  courts." 

The  term  "Empire"  mentioned  in  article  6  of  the  patent  law  shall  correspond  to 
4t Japan"  or  "Korea"  according  to  the  application  of  this  ordinance. 

ARTICLE  2.  This  ordinance  shall  accord  the  same  protection  to  Japanese  and  to 
Korean  subjects  with  regard  to  inventions,  and  shall  be  also  applicable  to  subjects  or 
citizens  of  countries  which  do  not  exercise  extraterritorial  jurisdiction  in  Korea  with 
reference  to  the  protection  of  inventions. 

SUPPLEMENTARY  ARTICLES. 

ARTICLE  3.  This  ordinance  shall  take  effect  on  and  after  August  16,  1908. 

ARTICLE  4.  Patents  obtained  in  Japan  prior  to  the  operation  of  this  ordinance  by 
Japanese  subjects,  Korean  subjects,  or  American  citizens  shall  be  regarded  as  patents 
obtained  in  Korea  in  accordance  with  this  ordinance;  but  the  term  of  the  said  patents 
shall  correspond  to  the  term  of  the  same  in  Japan. 

A  patentee  mentioned  in  the  preceding  paragraph  may  not  set  up  his  patent  against 
a  person  actually  using  in  Korea  at  the  time  of  the  operation  of  this  ordinance  the  prod-, 
uct  or  the  process  of  the  invention  in  question,  nor  against  the  successor  of  such  person. 

ARTICLE  5.  Inventions  for  which  patents  have  been  obtained  in  the  United  States 
prior  to  the  operation  of  this  ordinance  by  Japanese  subjects,  Korean  subjects,  or 
American  citizens  may  be  patented  free  of  charge  if  application  for  patent  be  made  to 
the  patent  bureau  of  the  residency-general  within  one  year  from  the  date  of  operation 
of  this  ordinance;  but  the  term  of  the  said  patent  shall  correspond  to  the  term  of  the 
same  in  the  United  States. 


a  It  appears  from  the  following  statement  of  applications  filed  and  granted  furnished  by  the  American 
consul  at  Seoul,  Korea,  that  the  advantage  of  the  protection  afforded  by  this  paragraph  does  not  seem  to 
be  appreciated  by  citizens  of  the  United  States  to  the  same  extent  as  by  the  subjects  of  the  Emperor  of  Japan: 


An 

leric 

an. 

Ji 

ipane 

se. 

Korea 

n. 

a 

1 

7 

1 

a 

A 

3 

•s 

% 

.  i 

r£       *~ 

S 

f 

Grand 
total. 

1 

1 

I 

s 

1 

£ 

1 

I 

1 

I 

1 

I 

f  I 

I 

I 

Applied  for... 

11 

n 

76 

5 

348 

1 

430 

.      4 

4 

445 

Granted.... 

6 

fi 

49 

s 

43 

1 

96 

3 

3 

105 

Under  investigation 

T 

5 

*>1 

? 

256 

282 

1 

1 

288 

Etafaaed... 

T 

44 

47 

47 

Cancelled  

5 

5 

5 

&  I.  e.,  of  Japan. 


el.  e.r  "  shall  be  understood  to  mean." 


JAPAN,  AND  KOREA. 

DESIGNS. 

IMPERIAL  ORDINANCE  No.  197. 

ARTICLE  1.  In  regard  to  designs  in  Korea  the  design  law  a  shall  be  followed;  but 
in  the  said  law  the  term  "Minister  of  agriculture  and  commerce "  shall  correspond  &  to 
"Resident-general;"  "Patent  bureau"  to  "Patent  bureau  of  the  residency-general;" 
"Courts  of  law"  to  "Residencies  and  the  residency-general  court;"  "Local  courts" 
to  "Residencies;"  and  "Supreme  court"  to  "Residency-general  court." 

The  term  "Empire"  mentioned  in  article  6  of  the  patent  law  shall  correspond  to 
"Japan"  or  "Korea, "  according  to  the  application  of  this  ordinance. 

ARTICLE  2.  Designs  identical  with  or  similar  to  the  form  or  pattern  of  the  imperial 
crest  of  Japan  or  Korea  may  not  be  registered. 

If  a  registered  design  is  in  contravention  of  the  provisions  of  the  preceding  para- 
graph, the  registration  thereof  shall  be  invalid. 

A  person  who  has  discovered  that  a  registered  design  falls  under  the  provisions  of 
the  preceding  paragraph  may  apply  for  a  trial  to  the  patent  bureau  of  the  residency- 
general  for  the  purpose  of  invalidating  the  registration  thereof. 

ARTICLE  3.  This  ordinance  shall  accord  the  same  protection  to  Japanese  and  to 
Korean  subjects  with  reference  to  designs,  and  shall  be  also  applicable  to  subjects  or 
citizens  of  countries  which  do  not  exercise  extraterritorial  jurisdiction  in  Korea  with 
reference  to  the  protection  of  designs. 

SUPPLEMENTARY  ARTICLES. 

ARTICLE  4.  This  ordinance  shall  take  effect  on  August  16,  1908. 

ARTICLE  5.  Designs  registered  in  Japan  prior  to  the  operation  of  this  ordinance 
by  Japanese  subjects,  Korean  subjects,  or  American  citizens  shall  be  regarded  as  de- 
signs registered  in  Korea  in  accordance  with  this  ordinance;  but  the  period  for  the 
exclusive  use  of  the  said  designs  shall  correspond  to  the  period  for  the  exclusive  use  of 
the  same  in  Japan. 

An  owner  of  a  registered  design  mentioned  in  the  preceding  paragraph  may  not  set 
up  such  registration  against  a  person  actually  using  in  Korea  at  the  time  of  the  opera- 
tion of  this  ordinance  the  design  in  question,  nor  against  the  successor  of  such  person. 

ARTICLE  6.  Designs  registered  in  the  United  States  prior  to  the  operation  of  this 
ordinance  by  Japanese  subjects,  Korean  subjects,  or  American  citizens  may  be 
registered  free  of  charge  if  application  for  registration  be  made  to  the  patent  bureau 
of  the  residency-general  within  one  year  from  the  date  of  operation  of  this  ordinance; 
but  the  term  for  exclusive  use  of  the  said  designs  shall  correspond  to  the  term  for 
exclusive  use  of  the  same  in  the  United  States. 

TRADE-MARKS. 

IMPERIAL  ORDINANCE  No.  198. 

ARTICLE  1.  In  regard  to  trade-marks  in  Korea,  the  trade-mark  law  «  shall  be  fol- 
lowed; but  in  the  said  law  the  term  "Empire"  shall  correspond  &  to  "Korea;"  "Min- 
ister of  agriculture  and  commerce"  to  "Resident-general;"  "Patent  bureau"  to 
"Patent  bureau  of  the  residency-general;"  "Courts  of  law"  to  "Residencies  and  the 
residency-general  court;"  "Local  courts"  to  "Residencies;"  and  "Supreme  court" 
to  "Residency-general  court." 

The  term  "Empire"  mentioned  in  article  6  of  the  patent  law  shall  be  understood 
to  means  "Japan "  or  "Korea,  "  according  to  the  application  of  this  ordinance. 

ARTICLE  2.  Trade-marks  bearing  devices  identical  with  or  similar  to  the  imperial 
crest,  national  flag,  military  or  naval  flags,  or  orders  of  merit  of  Japan  or  Korea,  or 
the  national  flags  of  other  countries,  may  not  be  registered. 

If  a  registered  trade-mark  is  in  contravention  of  the  provisions  of  the  preceding 
paragraph,  the  registration  thereof  shall  be  invalid. 

A  person  who  has  discovered  that  a  registered  trade-mark  falls  under  the  provisions  of 
the  preceding  paragraph  may  apply  for  a  trial  to  the  patent  bureau  of  the  residency- 
general  for  the  purpose  of  invalidating  the  registration  thereof. 

ARTICLE  3.  This  ordinance  shall  accord  the  same  protection  to  Japanese  and  to 
Korean  subjects  with  reference  to  trade-marks,  and  shall  be  also  applicable  to  subjects 
or  citizens  of  countries  which  do  not  exercise  extraterritorial  jurisdiction  in  Korea 
with  reference  to  the  protection  of  trade-marks. 

a  I.  e.,  of  Japan.  b  I.  e.,  "  shall  be  understood  to  mean." 


PROTECTION    TO   PATENTS   IN    CHINA,   JAPAN,   AND    KOREA.  9 

SUPPLEMENTARY  ARTICLES. 

ARTICLE  4.  This  ordinance  shall  take  effect  on  August  16,  1908. 

ARTICLE  5.  Trade-marks  registered  in  Japan  prior  to  the  operation  of  this  ordinance 
by  Japanese  subjects,  Korean  subjects,  or  American  citizens  shall  be  regarded  as  trade- 
marks registered  in  Korea  in  accordance  with  this  ordinance;  but  the  period  for  the 
exclusive  use  of  the  said  trade-marks  shall  correspond  to  the  period  for  exclusive  use 
of  the  same  in  Japan. 

ARTICLE  6.  With  reference  to  merchandise  which  has  borne,  prior  to  the  operation 
of  this  ordinance,  a  trade-mark  entitled  to  protection  in  accordance  with  the  provi- 
sions of  the  preceding  article  or  a  trade-mark  similar  to  the  same,  the  provisions  of 
article  16  of  the  trade-mark  law  «  shall  be  applicable  only  to  such  persona  as,  after 
six  months  from  the  date  of  operation  of  this  ordinance,  give,  sell,  or  store  for  sale 
the  said  merchandise. 

ARTICLE  7.  In  regard  to  trade-marks  registered  in  the  United  States  prior  to  the 
operation  of  this  ordinance  by  Japanese  subjects,  Korean  subjects,  or  American  citizens, 
no  registration  fees  shall  be  collected  if  the  owners  of  the  said  trade- marks  apply  for 
registration  to  the  patent  bureau  of  the  residency-general  within  one  year  from  the 
date  of  operation  of  this  ordinance. 

TRADE    NAMES. 

IMPERIAL  ORDINANCE  No.  199. 

ARTICLE  1.  In  regard  to  trade  names  in  Korea  the  commercial  code  and  the  code 
of  procedure  relating  to  noncontentious  matters  &  shall  be  followed;  but  in  the  said 
codes  tl 
and 
the 
' '  Resident-general." 

ARTICLE  2.  This  ordinance  shall  accord  the  same  protection  in  regard  to  trade 
names  of  Japanese  and  of  Korean  subjects,  and  shall  be  also  applicable  to  subjects 
or  citizens  of  countries  which  do  not  exercise  extraterritorial  jurisdiction  in  Korea 
with  reference  to  the  protection  of  trade  names. 

SUPPLEMENTARY  ARTICLES. 

ARTICLE  3.  This  ordinance  shall  take  effect  on  and  after  August  16,  1908. 

ARTICLE  4.  The  provisions  of  article  18  of  the  commercial  code  d  shall  not  be  appli- 
cable to  those  trade  names  which  have  been  used  in  Korea  prior  to  the  operation  of 
this  ordinance. 

COPYRIGHTS. 

IMPERIAL  ORDINANCE  No.  200. 

ARTICLE  1.  In  regard  to  copyrights  in  Korea,  the  copyright  law&  shall  be  followed; 
but  in  the  said  law  the  term  "Empire"  shall  correspond  c  to  "Korea;"  and  "Courts 
of  law"  to  "Residencies  and  the  residency-general  court." 

ARTICLE  2.  This  ordinance  shall  accord  the  same  protection  to  Japanese  and  to 
Korean  subjects  with  reference  to  copyrights,  and  shall  be  also  applicable  to  subjects 
or  citizens  of  countries  which  do  not  exercise  extraterritorial  jurisdiction  in  Korea 
with  reference  to  the  protection  of  copyrights. 

a  Article  16  of  the  trade-mark  law  of  Japan  reads  as  follows: 

•'Any  person  who  manufactures  and  gives  or  sells  a  trade-mark  identical  with  or  similar  to  one  which 
he  knows  to  be  the  registered  trade-mark  of  another,  without  the  latter's  permission,  or  who  uses  for  articles 
of  the  same  kind  a  trade-mark  identical  with  or  similar  to  one  which  he  knows  to  be  the  registered  trade- 
mark of  another  person,  or  who  knowingly  sells  such  articles  or  stores  them  for  sale,  shall  be  punished  with 
imprisonment  with  hard  labor  for  not  less  than  one  month  and  not  more  than  two  years,  or  with  a  fine  of 
not  less  than  20  yen  and  not  more  than  500  yen. 

"Any  person  who  uses  for  articles  of  the  same  kind  a  vessel,  wrapper,  etc.  bearing  the  registered 
trade-mark  of  another  person,  or  who  knowingly  sells  such  articles  or  stores  them  for  sale,  or  who  by  adver- 
tisement, sign-board,  hand-bill,  or  other  means,  uses,  for  the  purposes  of  selling  his  goods,  a  trade-mark 
identical  with  or  similar  to  one  which  he  knows  to  be  the  registered  trade-mark  of  another  person,  shall 
be  liable  to  the  same  punishment  as  that  mentioned  in  the  preceding  clause." 

bl.  e.f  of  Japan. 

cl.  e.,  "shall  be  understood  to  mean." 

d  Article  18  of  the  commercial  code  of  Japan  reads  as  follows: 

"  Whore  no  commercial  company  exists,  the  trade  name  must  not  contain  any  word  indicating  the 
existence  of  a  commercial  company.  This  applies  when  a  person  takes  over  the  business  of  a  commer- 
cial company. 

"A  person  who  acts  in  contravention  of  this  provision  is  liable  to  a  fine  of  from  5  to  50  yen." 


10        PROTECTION   TO   PATENTS   IN    CHINA,    JAPAN,   AND   KOREA. 
SUPPLEMENTARY  ARTICLES. 

ARTICLE  3.  This  ordinance  shall  take  effect  on  and  after  August  16,  1908. 

ARTICLE  4.  Copyrights  held  in  Japan  prior  to  the  operation  of  this  ordinance  by 
Japanese  subjects,  Korean  subjects,  or  American  citizens  shall  be  protected  by  virtue 
of  this  ordinance. 

ARTICLE  5.  Japanese  subjects,  Korean  subjects,  or  American  citizens  whose  copy- 
rights have  been  registered  in  the  United  States  prior  to  the  operation  of  this  ordi- 
nance may  apply  for  registration  of  the  said  copyrights  free  of  charge  to  the  patent 
bureau  of  the  residency-general  within  one  year  from  the  date  of  the  operation  of 
this  ordinance. 

ARTICLE  6.  A  person  who,  without  the  consent  of  the  holder  of  a  copyright,  has 
reproduced,  translated,  or  performed,  or  has  commenced  to  reproduce,  translate,  or 
perform  in  Korea,  prior  to  the  operation  of  this  ordinance,  the  works  of  Japanese  sub- 
jects, Korean  subjects,  or  American  citizens,  which  are  protected  in  Japan  or  the 
United  States,  may  complete  the  same  and  sell,  distribute,  or  perform  the  same 
during  one  year  following  the  date  of  the  operation  of  this  ordinance. 

ARTICLE  7.  In  the  cases  mentioned  in  the  preceding  article  the  reproductions  may 
only  be  sold,  distributed,  or  publicly  performed  subject  to  the  procedure  determined 
by  an  ordinance  of  the  residency-general. 

GENERAL   PROVISIONS    REGARDING    PATENTS,    DESIGNS,    TRADE-MARKS, 

AND    COPYRIGHTS. 

IMPERIAL  ORDINANCE  No.  201. 

ARTICLE  1.  The  validity  of  rights  of  patent,  design,  trade-mark,  and  of  copyright 
enjoyed  in  Japan  by  Japanese  or  Korean  subjects  shall  extend  to  Japanese  and  Korean 
subjects  in  the  Province  of  Kwantung  and  other  countries  where  Japan  may  exercise 
extraterritorial  jurisdiction. 

ARTICLE  2.  The  provisions  relating  to  penalties  in  the  patent  law,  design  law, 
trade-mark  law,  and  copyright  law«  shall  be  applicable  to  Japanese  and  Korean  sub- 
jects in  the  Province  of  Kwantung  and  other  countries  where  Japan  may  exercise  extra- 
territorial jurisdiction. 

ARTICLE  3.  With  reference  to  industrial  property  rights  and  copyrights  enjoyed  in 
Japan  by  subjects  or  citizens  of  countries  other  than  Japan  and  Korea,  the  provisions  of 
the  two  preceding  articles  shall  be  applicable  only  when  such  other  countries  afford 
protection  of  industrial  property  rights  and  copyrights  to  Japanese  and  Korean  subjects 
in  foreign  countries  where  the  said  countries  may  exercise  extraterritorial  jurisdiction, 
and  when  the  said  countries  do  not  exercise  extraterritorial  jurisdiction  in  Korea  with 
reference  to  the  protection  of  industrial  property  rights  and  copyrights.  & 

SUPPLEMENTARY  ARTICLES. 

ARTICLE  4.  This  ordinance  shall  take  effect  on  August  16,  1908. 

ARTICLE  5.  Any  person  who  has  on  hand  for  purpose  of  sale  at  the  time  this  ordinance 
takes  effect,  merchandise  fraudulently  bearing  trade-marks  owned  by  another  person 
and  protected  by  virtue  of  this  ordinance,  or  bearing  an  imitation  of  such  a  mark,  shall 
remove  or  cancel  the  said  trade-marks  or  withdraw  the  said  merchandise  from  the 
market  in  China  within  six  months  after  the  operation  of  this  ordinance. 

ARTICLE  6.  Any  person  who,  without  the  consent  of  the  holder  of  a  copyright,  has 
reproduced,  translated,  or  performed,  or  has  commenced  to  reproduce,  translate,  or 
perform  in  China  prior  to  the  operation  of  this  ordinance,  works  copyrighted  in  Japan 
or  the  United  States  by  Japanese  subjects,  Korean  subjects,  or  American  citizens, 
may  complete  the  same,  and  sell,  distribute,  or  perform  the  same  during  one  year 
iollowing  the  date  of  the  operation  of  this  ordinance. 


FORCE  OF  CONVENTIONS  SIGNED  WITH  JAPAN. 

The  trade-mark  conventions  signed  on  May  19,  1908,  by  the  United 

trade-marks, 
orea  by  either 


JL  JJ.O    I/ J.  OlU.1^     iiLOlL  i\.     ^V/iJ.  V  Cilia V-»AiC3    OlgAlOVA    \J11   -LT-LO^y      JL  fj  ,     JLc/V_/l_7,     I 

States  and  Japan,  protect  American  patents,  designs,  trade-marks, 
and  also  copyrights  against  infringement  in  China  and  K 


a  I.e.,  of  Japan. 

*>  Translator s  note:  The  two  conditions  are:  (a)  Reciprocal  protection  of  industrial  property  wherever 
-extraterritorial  jurisdiction  may  be  exercised,  and  (6)  the  surrender  of  such  jurisdiction  in  Korea  with 
reference  to  industrial  property  rights. 


PROTECTION   TO  PATENTS   IN   CHINA,   JAPAN,  AND    KOREA.        11 

Japanese  or  Korean  subjects.  These  conventions  extend  the  effect  of 
the  American-Japanese  conventions  of  1897  and  of  1905,  wherein, 
respectively,  protection  is  secured  in  Japan  to  the  above-named  classes 
of  American-owned  property. 

The  Japanese  Government  has  given  assurances  in  the  sense  that 
by  the  future  interpretation  of  the  existing  laws  and  regulations  it 
will  henceforth  refuse  to  entertain  applications  for  wrongful  registra- 
tion of  American  rights  and  will  annul  such  registrations  previously 
made. 

SUGGESTIONS  REGARDING  REGISTRATION. 

Americans  desirous  of  securing  protection  for  their  copyrights, 
patents,  trade-marks  and  designs  against  inf  ringement  should  promptly 
secure  registration  of  the  same  at  the  Tokyo  patent  office.  Sucn 
registration  will  protect  them  in  China  as  well  as  in  Japan  ana 
Korea,  provided,  however,  in  the  case  of  the  latter  country,  that  such 
registrations  are  to  be  made  matter  of  record  at  the  patent  offices  of 
the  residency-general. 

Under  the  laws  of  Japan  an  application  for  the  registration  of  a 
trade-mark,  patent,  or  design,  the  applicant  having  no  domicile  in 
Japan,  must  show  the  appointment  of  a  duly  qualified  agent  resident 
in  Japan,  who  must  have  been  admitted  to  practice  as  a  patent  agent 
and  entered  on  the  register  of  the  Japanese  patent  bureau  in  that 
capacity.  (See  Hall's  Manual  of  Japanese  Patent,  Trade-Mark,  and 
Design  Law,  pages  1  and  2;  also  Article  VI  of  the  patent  law  and 
Article  XX  or  the  trade-mark  law.)  It  is  also  required  that  this 
agent  must  be  furnished  with  full  power  of  attorney  authorizing  him 
to  represent  his  client  in  all  proceedings  before  the  patent  bureau, 
both  as  regards  the  original  application  and  as  regards  any  matter 
that  may  arise  after  the  registration  has  been  affected.  (For  a  list 
of  Tokyo  patent  lawyers,  see  appendix.) 

PROTECTION    OF    "HONG,"    OR    COMMERCIAL    NAMES,   WITHOUT 
COMPULSORY  REGISTRATION. 

Article  4  of  the  treaty  with  Japan  in  relation  to  the  protection  of 
trade-marks,  et  cetera,  in  China,  and  article  6  of  the  same  treaty 
regarding  Korea,  provide  that  "hong,  or  commercial  names,  in  China 
or  Korea  shall  enjoy  the  same  protection  as  extended  in  the  dominions 
and  possessions  of  Japan  under  the  convention  for  the  protection  of 
industrial  property,  signed  at  Paris,  March  20,  1883."  Reference  to 
article  8  of  this  convention  shows  that  "  *  *  *  commercial 
names  are  entitled  to  protection  without  obligation  of  deposit  *  *  *  ," 
or,  in  other  words,  without  compulsory  registration. 

GENERAL  NOTES  ON  JAPANESE  REGULATIONS. 

The  following  information,  based  on  official  Japanese  utterances, 
is  of  material  interest  to  prospective  applicants  for  registration  of 
trade-marks,  patents,  copyrights,  etc. 

EXPIRATION   OF  TRADE-MARKS. 

Article  12  of  the  Japanese  trade-mark  law  states  that  "The  right 
of  exclusive  use  of  a  trade-mark  expires  with  the  cessation  of  the 
business  for  which  it  is  used  by  the  proprietor."  Various  misunder- 


12        PROTECTION   TO   PATENTS   IN    CHINA,    JAPAN,   AND   KOREA. 

standings  in  regard  to  the  correct  interpretation  of  this  clause  have 
arisen  in  the  past,  but  it  is  now  understood  that  this  article  is  applica- 
ble only  to  a  case  where  business  has  been  discontinued  after  having 
enjoyed  the  protection  of  a  registered  trade-mark,  but  not  to  a  case 
of  mere  nonuse  of  a  registered  trade-mark.  There  is  no  provision  in 
the  law  by  which  a  registered  trade-mark  can  be  canceled  on  the 
ground  that  it  has  not  been  used  or  that  the  person  who  had  the 
trade-mark  registered  has  not  begun  business.  Further,  under  the 
trade-mark  law  at  present  in  force  in  Japan  it  is  not  necessary,  in 
obtaining  registration  of  a  trade-mark,  to  have  a  business  in  Japan 
at  the  time,  nor  does  the  right  of  exclusive  use  of  a  trade-mark  expire 
if  the  trade-mark  is  not  used,  so  long  as  the  business  be  not  discon- 
tinued. 

As  regards  foreign  registered  trade-marks  which  have  been  regis- 
tered also  in  Japan  and  are  under  the  protection  of  the  Japanese 
trade-mark  law,  the  right  of  exclusive  use  of  such  marks  remains 
even  if  the  business  andthe  use  of  the  trade-mark  cease  in  Japan  and 
in  places  to  which  the  protection  of  the  Japanese  trade-mark  law 
extends,  providing  the  business  be  continued  in  the  country  of  origin. 

In  case,  however,  the  trade-mark  is  not  a  foreign  registered  trade- 
mark, but  is  merely  a  trade-mark  registered  by  a  foreigner  in  the 
same  way  as  by  a  Japanese,  in  Japan  only,  the  right  of  exclusive 
use  of  the  trade-mark  expires  with  the  cessation  of  business  in  Japan 
and  places  to  which  the  protection  of  the  Japanese  trade-mark  law 
extends.  The  cancellation  of  registration  due  to  the  expiration  of  the 
right  of  exclusive  use  of  a  trade-mark  is  carried  out  by  official  author- 
ity of  the  Japanese  patent  bureau  in  accordance  with  the  detailed 
regulations  for  the  carrying  out  of  the  law  of  trade-marks  and  patent 
law,  and  not  by  means  of  a  legal  suit  or  (patent  bureau)  trial. 

TRADE-MARK   RIGHTS    IN    KOREA. 

Those  rights  registered  in  Japan  prior  to  the  enforcement  of  the 
new  laws  shall  be  properly  protected  in  Korea,  but  those  not  yet 
registered  and  which  are  to  enjoy  such  protection  should  receive 
attention  without  loss  of  time.  The  laws  now  promulgated  for 
Korea  are  similar  to  those  already  operative  in  Japan,  and  Korean 
subjects  and  American  citizens  will  thereunder  receive  a  like  protec- 
tion. Those  rights  already  registered  in  America  for  Japanese, 
Koreans,  or  Americans  may  be  registered  without  fee  in  Korea  within 
one  year  after  the  enforcement  of  these  laws,  if  they  are  found  to 
be  in  conformity  with  them.  The  privilege  of  " prior  application" 
as  heretofore  existing  in  Japan  does  not  extend  to  Korea  in  the 
matter  of  trade-marks,  but  the  owners  of  these  rights  can  contest  any 
opponent's  adverse  registration  six  months  after  the  enforcement  of 
the  above  laws.  The  similar  immunity  in  Korea  concerning  copy- 
rights is  confined  to  one  year.  Hereafter,  the  principles  of  "  prior 
use"  and  " prior  application"  will  be  taken  into  consideration,  and 
not,  as  has  formerly  been  the  case,  only  the  question  of  "  prior  applica- 
tion." 

PROTECTION    AGAINST    REGISTRATION    OF    A    SIMILAR    MARK. 

Official  assurances  have  been  given  by  the  Japanese  Government 
that  any  registered  trade-mark  which  is  similar  to  the  known 
trade-mark  of  another  may  be  canceled  within  three  years  on  the 


PROTECTION  TO  PATENTS  IN  CHINA,  JAPAN,  AND  KOREA.    13 

ground  of  such  similarity;  or  the  trade-mark  may  be  canceled 
at  any  time  thereafter  if  the  registered  mark  is  calculated  to  work 
fraud  upon  the  public. 

In  view  of  the  above  assurances  it  is  believed  that  Americans 
whose  trade-marks  or  other  forms  of  industrial  property  have  been 
pirated,  even  in  cases  where  these  piracies  have  occurred  a  long  time 
previously,  should  lose  no  time  in  obtaining  the  registration  of  their 
rights  and  in  seeking  the  annulment  of  any  wrongful  registration 
from  which  their  business  might  be  suffering.  It  is  of  first  impor- 
tance, moreover,  that  American  merchants  and  others  interested  in  the 
protection  of  their  trade-marks  or  other  forms  of  industrial  property 
against  infringement  by  Japanese  or  Korean  subjects  in  Japan,  Korea, 
or  China  should  not  fail  to  register  their  rights  both  for  Korea  and  for 
Japan  in  the  Japanese  patent  bureau  at  Tokyo.  These  points  can  not 
be  impressed  too  strongly  upon  those  concerned. 


APPENDIX. 
OFFICIAL  LIST  OF  PATENT  LAWYERS  IN  TOKYO. 

Akiyama,  G.,  15,  Uneme-cho,  Kypbashi-ku. 

Akiyama,  K.,  29,  Yanagi-cho,  Koishikawaku. 

Akiyama,  R.,  3,  Hpriye-cho,  Nichome,  Nihonbashi-ku. 

Akiyama,  T.,  1,  Sojuro-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Amano,  K.,  9,  Kobicki-cho,  Shichome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Aoyama,  T.,  19,  Nishinokubo,  Akefuno-cho,  Shiba-ku. 

Araki,  T.,  Minami  Kayaba-cho,  Nihonbashi-ku. 

Arai,  Y  ,  Uchisaiwai-cho,  Itchome,  Kojimachi-ku. 

Asami,  Y.,  9,  Minami  Daiku-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Brindley,  H.  S.  B.,  3,  Uchisaiwaicho,  Itchome,  Kojimachi-ku. 

Egi,  C.,  7,  Awaji-chb,  Nichome,  Kanda-ku. 

Fujii,  T.,  Nishiki-cho,  Nichome,  Kanda-ku. 

Fukuda,  T.,  Nishiogawa-machi,  Nichome,  Kanda-ku. 

Fukuoka,  U.,  29,  Tomiyoshi-cho,  Fukagawa-ku. 

Havilland,  W.  A.  de,  M.  A.,  successor  to  W.  Silver  Hall  (Foreign  Member  of  Chartered 
Institute  of  British  Patent  Agents),  4,  Mitsu  Bishi  Building,  Yayesu-cho,  Itchome, 
Kojimachi-ku. 

Hada,  C.,  7,  Ginza,  Shichome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Hada,  C.,  24,  Nishi  Toyotama-gashi,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Hamaji,  H.,  9,  Minami  Konya-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Hanai,  T.,  2,  Nishiki-cho,  Itchome,  Kanda-ku. 

Hara,  Y.,  20,  Kirakawa-cho,  Kojimachi-ku. 

Harada  K.,  4,  Minami  Nabecho,  Itchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Harima,  T.,  Nishinokubo,  Akefune-cho. 

Hasegawa,  K.,  8,  Kabatake,  Mitsumi-cho,  Honjo-ku. 

Hasegawa,  K.,  5,  Ginza,  Itchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Hasegawa,  K.,  80,  Mikumi-cho,  Yushima,  Honjo-ku. 

Hatoyama,  K.,  3,  Yamashiro-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Hayakawa,  T.,  9,  Yariya-chp,  Kyobashi-ku.. 

Hiramatsu,  I.,  5,  Uchisaiwai-cho,  Itchome,  Kojimachi-ku. 

Hiraoka,  M.,  15,  Yazeamon-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Hirasawa,  K.,  Shibuya-mura,  Toyotama-gun. 

Hirata,  K.,  Okamachi,  Itchome,  Shitaya-ku. 

Hirooka,  U.,  16,  Tsukiji,  Nichome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Hiyama,  T.,  5,  Goken-cho,  Kanda-ku. 

Honda,  H.,  Kamakura-cho,  Kanda-ku. 

Hoshino,  N.,  Midori-cho,  Sanchome,  Honjo-ku. 

Hosokawa,  Y.,  9,  Kobiki-cho,  Shichome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

lida,  H.,  Hongo,  Sanchome,  Hongp-ku. 

lida,  T.,  11,  Uneme-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Ikeda,  S.,  15,  Uneme-cho,  Kypbashi-ku. 

Imamura,  R.,  14,  Imagawakoji,  Nichome,  Kanda-ku. 

Inagi,  S.,  7,  Kobiki-cho,  Ku-chome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Ishikawa,  J.,  Kawase-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Ishihara,  U.,  21,  Uneme-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Ishiyama,  Y.,  14,  Hayabusa-cho,  Kojimachi-ku. 

Ishiwara,  M.,  2,  Shintomi-cho,  Rokuchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Ishiwara,  U.,  21,  Uneme-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Isobe,  S.,  Kamezawa-cho,  Nichome,  Honjo-ku. 

Isobe,  Sho,  Kamezawa-cho,  Nichome,  Honjo-ku. 

Itakura,  Chi,  5,  Shinkoku-cho,  Kanda-ku. 

Ito,  W.,  2,  Gorobei-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Itoyama,  K.,  Tsukijima,  Higashi  Nakano-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Iwasaki,  H.,  5,  Shin-Sakana-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Iwasaki,  H.,  26,  Ise-cho,  Nihonbashi-ku. 

Iwata,  C.,  Yayesu-cho,  Nichome,  Kojimachi-ku. 

Kessler,  H.,  48,  Tsukiji,  Kyobashi-ku. 

14 


PROTECTION   TO  PATENTS   IN   CHINA,   JAPAN,   AND    KOREA.         15 

Kido,  D.,  27,  Uneme-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Kishi,  S.,  1,  Sojuro-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Kiahimoto,  T.,  9,  Nishi-Konya-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Kumakura,  M.,  17,  Yumi-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Mairaki,  T.,  Nishinobuko,  Akefune-cho,  Shiba-ku. 

Maruyama,  C.,  6,  Motosukiya-cho,  Nichome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Masujima,  R.,  3,  Uchisaiwai-cho,  Itchome,  Kojimachi-ku. 

Matsuda,  G.,  18,  Kobiki-cho,  Kuchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Matsukawa,  K.,  30,  Aoyama,  Minami-machi,  Gochome,  Akasaka-ku. 

Mutsumoto,  G.,  18,  Tsukiji,  Itchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Matsumoto,  R.,  48,  Muramatsu-cho,  Kanda-ku. 

Mat.-nio,  S.,  11,  Kaga-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Matsuoka,  T.,  Minaminabe-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Mitsuhashi,  S.,  1,  Sanban-cho,  Kojimachi-ku. 

Mitsumi,  H.,  Kagigara-cho,  Sanchome,  Nihonbashi-ku. 

Mitani,  Shin-Sakurada-cho,  Shiba-ku. 

Miyake,  S.,  9,  Ginza,  Nichome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Miyako,  K.,  28,  Hon-Zaimoku-cho,  Sanchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Miyata,  Y.,  8,  Hachikan-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Miyazaki,  S.,  Kamezawa-cho,  Itchome,  Honjo-ku. 

Miye,  S.,  11,  Muro-machi,  Sanchome,  Nihonbashi-ku. 

Mori,  H.,  21,  Uneme-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Mori,  S.,  19,  Ginza,  Itchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Muramatsu,  Y.,  Misaki-cho,  Kanda-ku. 

Muranaga,  K.,  22,  Yokoami-cho,  Itchome,  Honjo-ku. 

Murata,  K.,  Kamikami-cho,  Nihonbashi-ku. 

Murata,  T.,  Sarugaku-cho,  Kanda-ku. 

Nishhvaki,  I.,  15,  Tsukiji,  Sanchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Nagano,  M.,  3,  'Jameike-cho,  Akasaka-ku. 

Nagashima,  W.,  14,  Tsukiji,  Sanchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Naita,  S.,  4,  Maruya*-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Nakagawa,  S.,  Yariya-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Nakamura,  H.,  19,  Ginza,  Sanchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Nakamura,  R.,  32,  Honkoku-cho,  Nihonbashi-ku. 

Nakazawa,  T.,  4,  Kojimachi,  Sanchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Nambu,  M.,  9,  Yariya-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Nishi,  J.,  1,  Tori  Nichome,  Nihonbashi-ku. 

Nishi,  M.,  Uchisaiwai-cho,  Itchome,  Kojimachi-ku. 

Nishimura,  T.,  15,  Hanozono-chp,  Shitaya-ku. 

Nishimura,  N.,  9,  Kobiki-cho,  Jitchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Nishiwaki,  I.,  21,  Uneme-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Nobuoka,  U.,  Uchisaiwai-cho,  Itchome,  Kojimachi-ku. 

Noguchi,  M.,  15,  Hon-Zaimoku-cho,  Itchome,  Nihonbashi-ku. 

Nomura,  Y.,  1,  Yazayemon-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Nukiyama,  S.,  18,  Kobiki-cho,  Kuchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Numata,  U.,  2,  Kitajimbo-cho,  Kanda-ku. 

Ohira,  M.,  1,  Kawara-machi,  Nakanogo,  Honjo-ku. 

Ono,  S.,  7,  JCubiki-cho,  Kuchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Okazaki,  M.,  3,  Xishi-Konya-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Ota,  S.,  14,  Yamashiro-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Otabe,  T.,  8,  Kobiki-cho,  Jitchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Oura,  S.,  10,  Hiyoshi-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Sakamoto,  S.,  6,  Kobiki-cho," Jitchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Sawada,  S.,  8,  Hiyoshi-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Seki,  X.,  12,  Minami-Kinroku-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Serizawa,  K.,  10,  Shin-Sakana-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Shinoda,  J.,  1,  Moto  Sukiya-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Shioiri,  T.,  14,  Tsukiji,  Nichome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Shioya,  T.,  1,  Moto  Sukiya-cho,  Itchome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Takao,  D.,  2,  Yumi-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Tanaka,  R.,  11,  Hon-Zaimoku-cho,  Itchome,  Nihonbashi-ku. 

Yamada,  T.,  15,  Ginza,  Nichome,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Yokota,  S.,  14,  Yamashita-cho,  Kyobashi-ku. 

Yoshida,  C.,  25,  Aomono-cho,  Nihonbashi-ku. 

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